|
Municipal wireless network (Municipal Wi-Fi, Muni Wi-Fi or Muni-Fi) is the concept of turning an entire city into a Wireless Access Zone, with the ultimate goal of making wireless access to the Internet a universal service. This is usually done by providing municipal broadband via Wi-Fi to large parts or all of a municipal area by deploying a wireless mesh network. The typical deployment design uses hundreds of routers deployed outdoors, often on poles. The operator of the network acts as a wireless internet service provider. == Overview == Such networks go far beyond the existing piggybacking opportunities available near public libraries and some coffee shops. The basic premise of carpeting an area with wireless service in urban centers is that it is more economical to the community to provide the service as a utility rather than to have individual households and businesses pay private firms for such a service. Such networks are viewed as capable of enhancing city management and public safety, especially when used directly by city employees out in the field. They can also be viewed as a social service to those who cannot afford private high-speed services such as DSL. When the network service is free and a small number of clients consume a majority of the available capacity, operating and regulating the network might prove difficult.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MuniWireless: WiFi, LTE, mobile apps, broadband )〕 In 2003, Verge Wireless, a subsidiary of CamSoft Data Systems, Inc., a small company from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, formed an agreement with Tropos Networks to build one of the first municipal wireless networks in the downtown area of Baton Rouge.〔() September 10, 2003〕 Although Tropos' technology is primarily focused on public safety, Carlo MacDonald, the founder of Verge Wireless, viewed it differently. He pitched to Tropos president David Hannah, that the technology was best used to provide public access to Internet wirelessly. He suggested that it could provide cities with a way to attract and improve economical development and developers to build mobile applications that can make use of faster bandwidth not available at that time on current mobile devices. Verge Wireless went on to build networks for Baton Rouge, New Orleans,〔() Los Angeles〕 and other areas, allowing cities to bypass AT&T and other large telecoms in hopes of bringing the technology first to their residents. Knowing what is coming, MacDonald focused on the applications that will be able to run on his networks, providing fast internet to any device. Some applications include wireless security cameras, police mug shot software, and location-based advertising. The US Federal Trade Commission has expressed some concerns about such private/public partnerships as trending towards a franchise monopoly.〔(Should Municipalities Provide Wireless Internet Service? FTC Staff Report Provides Guidance to Promote Competition ) October 10, 2006〕 The technology to allow this continues to advance. In 2007, companies with existing cell sites offered competing paid high-speed wireless services where the laptop owner purchased a PC card or adapter which uses communications based on EV-DO cellular data receivers or WiMAX rather than 802.11b/g. High-end laptops in 2007 featured built-in support for these newer protocols. WiMAX is designed to implement a metropolitan area network (MAN) while 802.11 is designed to implement a wireless local area network (LAN). Within the United States, providing a municipal wireless network is not officially recognized as a priority. Some have argued that the benefits of public approach may exceed the costs, similar to cable television.〔(Muniwireless.com )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Case Study Database )〕〔(Municipal broadband and wireless projects map of USA | CNET News.com ) last updated 2005〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「municipal wireless network」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|